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data-start=\"1451\" data-end=\"1459\">\u0997\u09cd\u09b0\u09c7\u09a1<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1460\" data-end=\"1508\">\n<p data-start=\"1462\" data-end=\"1508\">\u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u09a5\u09c0\u09a6\u09c7\u09b0 \u09a8\u09bf\u099c\u09b8\u09cd\u09ac \u0995\u09b0\u09cd\u09ae\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09ae\u09a4\u09be \u09b8\u09ae\u09cd\u09aa\u09b0\u09cd\u0995\u09c7 \u0985\u09a8\u09c1\u09ae\u09be\u09a8<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1509\" data-end=\"1549\">\n<p data-start=\"1511\" data-end=\"1549\">\u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u099a\u09c7\u09b7\u09cd\u099f\u09be \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u0985\u09b8\u09c1\u09ac\u09bf\u09a7\u09be\u09b0 \u0989\u09aa\u09b2\u09ac\u09cd\u09a7\u09bf<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"1551\" data-end=\"1695\">\u098f\u099f\u09bf \u0995\u09cb\u09a8\u0993 \u09b2\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09ac \u09aa\u09b0\u09c0\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be \u099b\u09bf\u09b2 \u09a8\u09be\u0964 \u098f\u0997\u09c1\u09b2\u09cb \u099b\u09bf\u09b2 <strong data-start=\"1592\" data-end=\"1630\">\u09ac\u09be\u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u09ac, \u0989\u099a\u09cd\u099a-\u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u09b0\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ac\u09bf\u09b6\u09cd\u09ac\u09ac\u09bf\u09a6\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b2\u09af\u09bc \u09aa\u09b0\u09c0\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be<\/strong> \u2014 \u09a0\u09bf\u0995 \u09b8\u09c7\u0987 \u09a7\u09b0\u09a3\u09c7\u09b0 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09bf\u09a4\u09bf \u09af\u09c7\u0996\u09be\u09a8\u09c7 \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u09a5\u09c0\u09b0\u09be \u09aa\u09c2\u09b0\u09cd\u09a3 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u099a\u09c7\u09b7\u09cd\u099f\u09be \u0995\u09b0\u09c7\u0964.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"1697\" data-end=\"1708\">\u09ab\u09b2\u09be\u09ab\u09b2?<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"1710\" data-end=\"1824\"><strong data-start=\"1710\" data-end=\"1753\">\u09aa\u09be\u09b0\u09ab\u09b0\u09ae\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09a8\u09cd\u09b8\u09c7 \u0995\u09cb\u09a8\u0993 \u09aa\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u09a5\u0995\u09cd\u09af \u099b\u09bf\u09b2 \u09a8\u09be\u0964.<\/strong><br data-start=\"1753\" data-end=\"1756\" \/>\u09aa\u09b0\u09c0\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be \u0995\u09be\u0997\u099c\u09c7 \u09b9\u09cb\u0995 \u09ac\u09be \u09aa\u09b0\u09cd\u09a6\u09be\u09af\u09bc \u09b9\u09cb\u0995, \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u09a5\u09c0\u09b0\u09be \u098f\u0995\u0987 \u09a8\u09ae\u09cd\u09ac\u09b0 \u09aa\u09c7\u09af\u09bc\u09c7\u099b\u09c7\u0964.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"1826\" data-end=\"2022\">\u098f\u0987 \u0986\u09ac\u09bf\u09b7\u09cd\u0995\u09be\u09b0\u099f\u09bf \u09a6\u09c0\u09b0\u09cd\u0998\u09a6\u09bf\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u098f\u0995\u099f\u09bf \u09ac\u09bf\u09b6\u09cd\u09ac\u09be\u09b8\u0995\u09c7 \u099a\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b2\u09c7\u099e\u09cd\u099c \u0995\u09b0\u09c7, \u09ac\u09bf\u09b6\u09c7\u09b7 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7 \u09a6\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09bf\u09a3 \u098f\u09b6\u09c0\u09af\u09bc \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09af\u09bc, \u09af\u09c7 \u09a1\u09bf\u099c\u09bf\u099f\u09be\u09b2 \u09ab\u09b0\u09cd\u09ae\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u099f\u0997\u09c1\u09b2\u09bf \u09b8\u09cd\u09ac\u09af\u09bc\u0982\u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf\u09af\u09bc\u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u09c7 \u0998\u09a8\u09a4\u09cd\u09ac \u09ac\u09be \u09ac\u09cb\u09a7\u0997\u09ae\u09cd\u09af\u09a4\u09be\u0995\u09c7 \u09a6\u09c1\u09b0\u09cd\u09ac\u09b2 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7 \u09a6\u09c7\u09af\u09bc\u0964 \u0997\u09ac\u09c7\u09b7\u0995\u09a6\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ae\u09a4\u09c7:<\/p>\n<blockquote data-start=\"2024\" data-end=\"2179\">\n<p data-start=\"2026\" data-end=\"2179\">\u201c&quot;\u09aa\u09b0\u09c0\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u09b0 \u09aa\u09be\u09b0\u09ab\u09b0\u09ae\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09a8\u09cd\u09b8 \u09ac\u09be \u09ae\u09c7\u099f\u09be\u0995\u0997\u09a8\u09bf\u099f\u09bf\u09ad \u09a8\u09bf\u09b0\u09cd\u09ad\u09c1\u09b2\u09a4\u09be\u09b0 \u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09c7\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09c7 \u09b8\u09cd\u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09a8\u09bf\u0995\u09c3\u09b7\u09cd\u099f\u09a4\u09be\u09b0 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09ae\u09be\u09a3 \u09a1\u09c7\u099f\u09be \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a6\u09be\u09a8 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7\u09a8\u09bf\u0964&quot;\u201d<br data-start=\"2127\" data-end=\"2131\" \/>\u2013 \u09b9\u099a \u098f\u099f \u0986\u09b2., \u09e8\u09e6\u09e8\u09eb (\u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u09a8\u09bf\u09b0\u09cd\u09a6\u09c7\u09b6\u09a8\u09be)<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p data-start=\"2181\" data-end=\"2270\">\u09b8\u09ae\u09cd\u09aa\u09c2\u09b0\u09cd\u09a3 \u0997\u09ac\u09c7\u09b7\u09a3\u09be\u09b0 \u09b2\u09bf\u0999\u09cd\u0995:<br data-start=\"2200\" data-end=\"2203\" \/><a class=\"decorated-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0959475225001501\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener\" data-start=\"2203\" data-end=\"2270\">https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0959475225001501<\/a><\/p>\n<p data-start=\"2272\" data-end=\"2448\">\u098f\u099f\u09bf \u09ac\u09be\u0982\u09b2\u09be\u09a6\u09c7\u09b6\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u09cd\u0995\u09c1\u09b2 \u09a8\u09c7\u09a4\u09be\u09a6\u09c7\u09b0 \u0986\u09b6\u09cd\u09ac\u09b8\u09cd\u09a4 \u0995\u09b0\u09ac\u09c7 \u09af\u09be\u09b0\u09be \u09a1\u09bf\u099c\u09bf\u099f\u09be\u09b2 \u09ae\u09c2\u09b2\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09aa\u09be\u0987\u09b2\u099f\u09bf\u0982 \u0995\u09b0\u099b\u09c7\u09a8 \u09ac\u09be \u09a6\u09c0\u09b0\u09cd\u0998\u09ae\u09c7\u09af\u09bc\u09be\u09a6\u09c0 \u09a1\u09bf\u099c\u09bf\u099f\u09be\u09b2 \u09b0\u09c2\u09aa\u09be\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09b0\u09c7\u09b0 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u0995\u09b2\u09cd\u09aa\u09a8\u09be \u0995\u09b0\u099b\u09c7\u09a8\u0964 \u09ae\u09be\u09a7\u09cd\u09af\u09ae\u099f\u09bf \u09a8\u09bf\u099c\u09c7\u0987 \u09b8\u09be\u09ab\u09b2\u09cd\u09af \u09b9\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09b8 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7 \u09a8\u09be\u0964.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"2450\" data-end=\"2532\">\u0995\u09bf\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09c1 \u0997\u09ac\u09c7\u09b7\u09a3\u09be\u099f\u09bf \u0985\u09a8\u09cd\u09af \u0995\u09bf\u099b\u09c1 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u0995\u09be\u09b6 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7\u099b\u09c7 - \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u0995\u09a6\u09c7\u09b0 \u099c\u09a8\u09cd\u09af \u0986\u09b0\u0993 \u0997\u09c1\u09b0\u09c1\u09a4\u09cd\u09ac\u09aa\u09c2\u09b0\u09cd\u09a3 \u0995\u09bf\u099b\u09c1\u0964.<\/p>\n<hr data-start=\"2534\" data-end=\"2537\" \/>\n<h2 data-start=\"2539\" data-end=\"2606\"><strong data-start=\"2541\" data-end=\"2606\">\u0986\u09b8\u09b2 \u09b8\u09ae\u09b8\u09cd\u09af\u09be: \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u09a5\u09c0\u09b0\u09be <em data-start=\"2568\" data-end=\"2574\">\u0985\u09a8\u09c1\u09ad\u09ac \u0995\u09b0\u09be<\/em> \u09a1\u09bf\u099c\u09bf\u099f\u09be\u09b2 \u09aa\u09b0\u09c0\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be \u09af\u09a4 \u09b8\u09b9\u099c \u09b9\u09af\u09bc<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"2608\" data-end=\"2674\">\u09af\u09a6\u09bf\u0993 \u09b8\u09cd\u0995\u09cb\u09b0 \u098f\u0995\u0987 \u099b\u09bf\u09b2, \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u09a5\u09c0\u09b0\u09be \u09a7\u09be\u09b0\u09be\u09ac\u09be\u09b9\u09bf\u0995\u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u09c7 \u09b0\u09bf\u09aa\u09cb\u09b0\u09cd\u099f \u0995\u09b0\u09c7\u099b\u09c7:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"2676\" data-end=\"2786\">\n<li data-start=\"2676\" data-end=\"2705\">\n<p data-start=\"2678\" data-end=\"2705\">\u09ac\u09bf\u09a8\u09bf\u09af\u09bc\u09cb\u0997 <strong data-start=\"2688\" data-end=\"2703\">\u0995\u09ae \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09b6\u09cd\u09b0\u09ae<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"2706\" data-end=\"2742\">\n<p data-start=\"2708\" data-end=\"2742\">\u0985\u09ad\u09bf\u099c\u09cd\u099e\u09a4\u09be <strong data-start=\"2721\" data-end=\"2740\">\u0995\u09ae \u0985\u09b8\u09c1\u09ac\u09bf\u09a7\u09be<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"2743\" data-end=\"2786\">\n<p data-start=\"2745\" data-end=\"2786\">\u09aa\u09b0\u09c0\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u0995\u09c7 \u098f\u09ae\u09a8\u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u09c7 \u0989\u09aa\u09b2\u09ac\u09cd\u09a7\u09bf \u0995\u09b0\u09be <strong data-start=\"2768\" data-end=\"2786\">\u0995\u09ae \u099a\u09be\u09b9\u09bf\u09a6\u09be\u09aa\u09c2\u09b0\u09cd\u09a3<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"2788\" data-end=\"2804\">\u098f\u099f\u09be \u0985\u09a4\u09cd\u09af\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4 \u0997\u09c1\u09b0\u09c1\u09a4\u09cd\u09ac\u09aa\u09c2\u09b0\u09cd\u09a3\u0964.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"2806\" data-end=\"2974\">\u09ae\u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u09b7\u09cd\u0995\u09c7\u09b0 <em data-start=\"2818\" data-end=\"2841\">\u0985\u09b8\u09c1\u09ac\u09bf\u09a7\u09be\u09b0 \u0985\u09a8\u09c1\u09ad\u09c2\u09a4\u09bf<\/em> \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u09a5\u09c0\u09b0\u09be \u0995\u09c0\u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u09c7 \u0985\u09a7\u09cd\u09af\u09af\u09bc\u09a8 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7, \u09b8\u0982\u09b6\u09cb\u09a7\u09a8 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7 \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u09a4\u09be\u09a6\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b6\u09c7\u0996\u09be\u09b0 \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09aa\u09a8\u09be \u0995\u09b0\u09c7 \u09a4\u09be \u09a8\u09bf\u09b0\u09cd\u09a7\u09be\u09b0\u09a3\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u09ac\u099a\u09c7\u09af\u09bc\u09c7 \u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u09b6\u09be\u09b2\u09c0 \u09b8\u0982\u0995\u09c7\u09a4\u0997\u09c1\u09b2\u09bf\u09b0 \u09ae\u09a7\u09cd\u09af\u09c7 \u098f\u0995\u099f\u09bf\u0964 \u09af\u0996\u09a8 \u0995\u09be\u099c\u0997\u09c1\u09b2\u09bf \u09b8\u09b9\u099c \u09ae\u09a8\u09c7 \u09b9\u09af\u09bc, \u09a4\u0996\u09a8 \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u09a5\u09c0\u09b0\u09be \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u09b6\u0987:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"2976\" data-end=\"3135\">\n<li data-start=\"2976\" data-end=\"3007\">\n<p data-start=\"2978\" data-end=\"3007\">\u099a\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b2\u09c7\u099e\u09cd\u099c\u0995\u09c7 \u0985\u09ac\u09ae\u09c2\u09b2\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u09a8 \u0995\u09b0\u09be<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"3008\" data-end=\"3030\">\n<p data-start=\"3010\" data-end=\"3030\">\u0995\u09ae \u0997\u09ad\u09c0\u09b0\u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u09c7 \u09b8\u0982\u09b6\u09cb\u09a7\u09a8 \u0995\u09b0\u09c1\u09a8<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"3031\" data-end=\"3058\">\n<p data-start=\"3033\" data-end=\"3058\">\u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf\u09af\u09bc\u09be\u09b0 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ac\u09b0\u09cd\u09a4\u09c7 \u09b8\u09cd\u0995\u09bf\u09ae \u0995\u09b0\u09c1\u09a8<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"3059\" data-end=\"3089\">\n<p data-start=\"3061\" data-end=\"3089\">\u09aa\u09c3\u09b7\u09cd\u09a0 \u0995\u09cc\u09b6\u09b2\u09c7\u09b0 \u0989\u09aa\u09b0 \u09a8\u09bf\u09b0\u09cd\u09ad\u09b0 \u0995\u09b0\u09c1\u09a8<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"3090\" data-end=\"3135\">\n<p data-start=\"3092\" data-end=\"3135\">\u09a4\u09be\u09a6\u09c7\u09b0 \u0995\u09b0\u09cd\u09ae\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09ae\u09a4\u09be \u09b8\u09ae\u09cd\u09aa\u09b0\u09cd\u0995\u09c7 \u0985\u09a4\u09bf\u09b0\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09a4 \u0986\u09a4\u09cd\u09ae\u09ac\u09bf\u09b6\u09cd\u09ac\u09be\u09b8 \u09a6\u09c7\u0996\u09be\u09a8<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"3137\" data-end=\"3303\">\u0985\u09a8\u09cd\u09af \u0995\u09a5\u09be\u09af\u09bc, \u09a1\u09bf\u099c\u09bf\u099f\u09be\u09b2 \u09ae\u09c2\u09b2\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u09a8 \u09aa\u09b0\u09c0\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u09b0 \u09a6\u09bf\u09a8 \u0995\u09b0\u09cd\u09ae\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09ae\u09a4\u09be \u09b9\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09b8 \u09a8\u09be\u0993 \u0995\u09b0\u09a4\u09c7 \u09aa\u09be\u09b0\u09c7, \u09a4\u09ac\u09c7 \u09a4\u09be\u09b0\u09be \u09ac\u09bf\u0995\u09c3\u09a4 \u0995\u09b0\u09a4\u09c7 \u09aa\u09be\u09b0\u09c7 <em data-start=\"3249\" data-end=\"3262\">\u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u09b8\u09bf\u0995 \u0987\u0999\u09cd\u0997\u09bf\u09a4<\/em> \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u09a5\u09c0\u09b0\u09be \u09a4\u09be\u09a6\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b6\u09c7\u0996\u09be\u09b0 \u09a8\u09bf\u09af\u09bc\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09a3\u09c7\u09b0 \u099c\u09a8\u09cd\u09af \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09b9\u09be\u09b0 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7\u0964.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"3305\" data-end=\"3380\">\u098f\u0996\u09be\u09a8\u09c7\u0987 \u0997\u09ac\u09c7\u09b7\u09a3\u09be \u09ac\u09be\u0982\u09b2\u09be\u09a6\u09c7\u09b6\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u09a6\u09be\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u09be\u09a5\u09c7 \u099c\u09cb\u09b0\u09be\u09b2\u09cb\u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u09c7 \u09b8\u0982\u09af\u09c1\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u0964.<\/p>\n<hr data-start=\"3382\" data-end=\"3385\" \/>\n<h2 data-start=\"3387\" data-end=\"3454\"><strong data-start=\"3389\" data-end=\"3454\">\u09ae\u09c7\u099f\u09be\u0995\u0997\u09a8\u09bf\u09b6\u09a8 \u09ac\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u09a4\u09be: \u09aa\u09b0\u09cd\u09a6\u09be\u09af\u09bc \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u099a\u09c7\u09b7\u09cd\u099f\u09be \u09ad\u09bf\u09a8\u09cd\u09a8 \u0985\u09a8\u09c1\u09ad\u09c2\u09a4\u09bf \u09a6\u09c7\u09af\u09bc<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"3456\" data-end=\"3513\">\u0997\u09ac\u09c7\u09b7\u09a3\u09be\u09b0 \u09b8\u09ac\u099a\u09c7\u09af\u09bc\u09c7 \u09b8\u09cd\u09aa\u09b7\u09cd\u099f \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u0997\u09c1\u09b2\u09bf\u09b0 \u09ae\u09a7\u09cd\u09af\u09c7 \u098f\u0995\u099f\u09bf \u09b9\u09b2:<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"3515\" data-end=\"3592\"><strong data-start=\"3515\" data-end=\"3592\">\u09a1\u09bf\u099c\u09bf\u099f\u09be\u09b2 \u0995\u09be\u099c\u09c7 \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u09a5\u09c0\u09a6\u09c7\u09b0 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u099a\u09c7\u09b7\u09cd\u099f\u09be \u09b8\u09ae\u09cd\u09aa\u09b0\u09cd\u0995\u09c7 \u09a7\u09be\u09b0\u09a3\u09be \u09ad\u09c1\u09b2\u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u09c7 \u09ae\u09c2\u09b2\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u09a8 \u0995\u09b0\u09be \u09b9\u09a4\u09c7 \u09aa\u09be\u09b0\u09c7\u0964.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p data-start=\"3594\" data-end=\"3761\">\u09af\u0996\u09a8 \u098f\u0995\u099f\u09bf \u09b8\u09cd\u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf\u09a8 \u0995\u09cb\u09a8\u0993 \u0995\u09be\u099c\u0995\u09c7 \u09b8\u09b9\u099c \u0995\u09b0\u09c7 \u09a4\u09cb\u09b2\u09c7, \u09a4\u0996\u09a8 \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u09a5\u09c0\u09b0\u09be \u09ac\u09bf\u09b6\u09cd\u09ac\u09be\u09b8 \u0995\u09b0\u09a4\u09c7 \u09aa\u09be\u09b0\u09c7 \u09af\u09c7 \u09a4\u09be\u09b0\u09be \u0986\u09b8\u09b2\u09c7 \u09af\u09be \u09b6\u09bf\u0996\u09c7\u099b\u09c7 \u09a4\u09be\u09b0 \u099a\u09c7\u09af\u09bc\u09c7 \u09ac\u09c7\u09b6\u09bf \u09b6\u09bf\u0996\u09c7\u099b\u09c7\u0964 \u098f\u099f\u09bf \u098f\u0995\u099f\u09bf \u09ae\u09c7\u099f\u09be\u0995\u0997\u09a8\u09bf\u099f\u09bf\u09ad \u09b8\u09ae\u09b8\u09cd\u09af\u09be - \u0995\u09cb\u09a8\u0993 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09af\u09c1\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u0997\u09a4 \u09b8\u09ae\u09b8\u09cd\u09af\u09be \u09a8\u09af\u09bc\u0964.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"3763\" data-end=\"3820\">\u09ac\u09be\u0982\u09b2\u09be\u09a6\u09c7\u09b6\u09c7, \u09af\u09c7\u0996\u09be\u09a8\u09c7 \u0985\u09a8\u09c7\u0995 \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u09a5\u09c0 \u0987\u09a4\u09bf\u09ae\u09a7\u09cd\u09af\u09c7\u0987 \u09a8\u09bf\u09ae\u09cd\u09a8\u09b2\u09bf\u0996\u09bf\u09a4 \u09ac\u09bf\u09b7\u09af\u09bc\u0997\u09c1\u09b2\u09bf\u09b0 \u09b8\u09be\u09a5\u09c7 \u09b2\u09a1\u09bc\u09be\u0987 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"3822\" data-end=\"3971\">\n<li data-start=\"3822\" data-end=\"3838\">\n<p data-start=\"3824\" data-end=\"3838\">\u0997\u09ad\u09c0\u09b0 \u09aa\u09be\u09a0<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"3839\" data-end=\"3862\">\n<p data-start=\"3841\" data-end=\"3862\">\u09a8\u09bf\u09b0\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09b0 \u09ae\u09a8\u09cb\u09af\u09cb\u0997<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"3863\" data-end=\"3886\">\n<p data-start=\"3865\" data-end=\"3886\">\u09aa\u09c1\u09a8\u09b0\u09cd\u09ac\u09bf\u09ac\u09c7\u099a\u09a8\u09be \u0995\u09cc\u09b6\u09b2<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"3887\" data-end=\"3906\">\n<p data-start=\"3889\" data-end=\"3906\">\u09b8\u09cd\u09ac-\u09aa\u09b0\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09c7\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09a3<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"3907\" data-end=\"3932\">\n<p data-start=\"3909\" data-end=\"3932\">\u09a8\u09bf\u09b0\u09cd\u09ad\u09c1\u09b2\u09a4\u09be \u09aa\u09b0\u09c0\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be \u0995\u09b0\u09be \u09b9\u099a\u09cd\u099b\u09c7<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"3933\" data-end=\"3971\">\n<p data-start=\"3935\" data-end=\"3971\">\u09a4\u09be\u09a6\u09c7\u09b0 \u09a8\u09bf\u099c\u09b8\u09cd\u09ac \u09ac\u09cb\u09a7\u0997\u09ae\u09cd\u09af\u09a4\u09be \u09ae\u09c2\u09b2\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u09a8 \u0995\u09b0\u09be<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"3973\" data-end=\"4032\">\u2026\u09b8\u09cd\u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf\u09a8\u09c7 \u09b8\u09cd\u09ac\u09be\u099a\u09cd\u099b\u09a8\u09cd\u09a6\u09cd\u09af\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ae\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u09be \u09ac\u09bf\u09a6\u09cd\u09af\u09ae\u09be\u09a8 \u09ab\u09be\u0981\u0995\u0997\u09c1\u09b2\u09bf\u0995\u09c7 \u0986\u09b0\u0993 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09b6\u09b8\u09cd\u09a4 \u0995\u09b0\u09a4\u09c7 \u09aa\u09be\u09b0\u09c7\u0964.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"4034\" data-end=\"4056\">\u0997\u09ac\u09c7\u09b7\u09a3\u09be\u099f\u09bf \u0986\u09ae\u09be\u09a6\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u09a4\u09b0\u09cd\u0995 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"4058\" data-end=\"4242\">\n<li data-start=\"4058\" data-end=\"4115\">\n<p data-start=\"4060\" data-end=\"4115\">\u0989\u099a\u09cd\u099a-\u099d\u09c1\u0981\u0995\u09bf\u09b0 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09bf\u09a4\u09bf\u09a4\u09c7 \u0995\u09b0\u09cd\u09ae\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09ae\u09a4\u09be \u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09bf\u09a4\u09bf\u09b6\u09c0\u09b2 \u09a5\u09be\u0995\u09c7\u0964.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"4116\" data-end=\"4242\">\n<p data-start=\"4118\" data-end=\"4242\">\u0995\u09bf\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09c1 \u0989\u099a\u09cd\u099a-\u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u09b0\u09c7\u09b0 \u09aa\u09b0\u09c0\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u09b0 \u09ac\u09be\u0987\u09b0\u09c7 (\u09b9\u09cb\u09ae\u0993\u09af\u09bc\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u0995, \u09b0\u09bf\u09ad\u09bf\u09b6\u09a8, \u0995\u09cd\u09b2\u09be\u09b8\u0993\u09af\u09bc\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u0995), \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u09a5\u09c0\u09b0\u09be <em data-start=\"4194\" data-end=\"4201\">\u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u09c1\u09a8<\/em> \u09af\u0996\u09a8 \u09a4\u09be\u09b0\u09be \u09a5\u09be\u0995\u09c7 \u09a8\u09be \u09a4\u0996\u09a8 \u09a4\u09be\u09b0\u09be \u0995\u09a0\u09cb\u09b0 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09b6\u09cd\u09b0\u09ae \u0995\u09b0\u09c7\u0964.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"4244\" data-end=\"4337\">\u098f\u0987 \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09a7\u09be\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ae\u09a7\u09cd\u09af\u09c7 <em data-start=\"4261\" data-end=\"4274\">\u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u099a\u09c7\u09b7\u09cd\u099f\u09be \u0985\u09a8\u09c1\u09ad\u09c2\u09a4<\/em> \u098f\u09ac\u0982 <em data-start=\"4279\" data-end=\"4294\">\u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u099a\u09c7\u09b7\u09cd\u099f\u09be \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09af\u09bc\u09cb\u099c\u09a8<\/em> \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u0995 \u0985\u09a8\u09c1\u09b6\u09c0\u09b2\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u099c\u09a8\u09cd\u09af \u098f\u0995\u099f\u09bf \u0997\u09c1\u09b0\u09c1\u09a4\u09cd\u09ac\u09aa\u09c2\u09b0\u09cd\u09a3 \u09b2\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09cd\u09af\u0964.<\/p>\n<hr data-start=\"4339\" data-end=\"4342\" \/>\n<h2 data-start=\"4344\" data-end=\"4373\"><strong data-start=\"4346\" data-end=\"4373\">\u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u0995\u09a6\u09c7\u09b0 \u0995\u09c0 \u0995\u09b0\u09be \u0989\u099a\u09bf\u09a4<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"4375\" data-end=\"4491\">\u09a1\u09bf\u099c\u09bf\u099f\u09be\u09b2 \u09b8\u09b0\u099e\u09cd\u099c\u09be\u09ae\u0997\u09c1\u09b2\u09bf\u0995\u09c7 \u09ad\u09af\u09bc \u09aa\u09be\u0993\u09af\u09bc\u09be\u09b0 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ac\u09b0\u09cd\u09a4\u09c7, \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u0995\u09a6\u09c7\u09b0 \u0989\u099a\u09bf\u09a4 \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u09a5\u09c0\u09a6\u09c7\u09b0 \u0986\u09b0\u0993 \u09b8\u09a0\u09bf\u0995\u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u09c7 \u09b6\u09c7\u0996\u09be\u09b0 \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09aa\u09a8\u09be\u09b0 \u099c\u09a8\u09cd\u09af \u09b8\u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf\u09af\u09bc\u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u09c7 \u09a8\u09bf\u09b0\u09cd\u09a6\u09c7\u09b6\u09a8\u09be \u09a6\u09c7\u0993\u09af\u09bc\u09be\u0964.<\/p>\n<h3 data-start=\"4493\" data-end=\"4548\"><strong data-start=\"4496\" data-end=\"4546\">\u09e7. \u0997\u09ad\u09c0\u09b0-\u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf\u09af\u09bc\u09be\u0995\u09b0\u09a3 \u0995\u09cc\u09b6\u09b2\u0997\u09c1\u09b2\u09bf \u09b8\u09cd\u09aa\u09b7\u09cd\u099f\u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u09c7 \u09b6\u09c7\u0996\u09be\u09a8<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"4549\" data-end=\"4599\">\u09a1\u09bf\u099c\u09bf\u099f\u09be\u09b2 \u0995\u09be\u099c\u09c7\u09b0 \u099c\u09a8\u09cd\u09af \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u09a5\u09c0\u09a6\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u09c1\u0997\u09a0\u09bf\u09a4 \u0985\u09ad\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09af\u09bc\u09cb\u099c\u09a8:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"4600\" data-end=\"4708\">\n<li data-start=\"4600\" data-end=\"4614\">\n<p data-start=\"4602\" data-end=\"4614\">\u099f\u09c0\u0995\u09be\u0995\u09b0\u09a3<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"4615\" data-end=\"4630\">\n<p data-start=\"4617\" data-end=\"4630\">\u09b8\u09be\u09b0\u09b8\u0982\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09c7\u09aa<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"4631\" data-end=\"4646\">\n<p data-start=\"4633\" data-end=\"4646\">\u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09b6\u09cd\u09a8\u09cb\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4\u09b0<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"4647\" data-end=\"4674\">\n<p data-start=\"4649\" data-end=\"4674\">\u09a4\u09be\u09a6\u09c7\u09b0 \u09aa\u09a6\u09cd\u09a7\u09a4\u09bf\u09b0 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u0995\u09b2\u09cd\u09aa\u09a8\u09be \u0995\u09b0\u09be<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"4675\" data-end=\"4708\">\n<p data-start=\"4677\" data-end=\"4708\">\u0987\u099a\u09cd\u099b\u09be\u0995\u09c3\u09a4\u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u09c7 \u0989\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4\u09b0 \u09aa\u09b0\u09c0\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be \u0995\u09b0\u09be<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 data-start=\"4710\" data-end=\"4778\"><strong data-start=\"4713\" data-end=\"4776\">\u09e8. \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u09a5\u09c0\u09a6\u09c7\u09b0 \u09a4\u09be\u09a6\u09c7\u09b0 \u09a8\u09bf\u099c\u09b8\u09cd\u09ac \u09b6\u09c7\u0996\u09be\u09b0 \u09ac\u09be\u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u09ac\u09b8\u09ae\u09cd\u09ae\u09a4 \u09ac\u09bf\u099a\u09be\u09b0 \u0995\u09b0\u09be\u09b0 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09a3 \u09a6\u09bf\u09a8\u0964<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"4779\" data-end=\"4793\">\u09a4\u09be\u09a6\u09c7\u09b0 \u099c\u09bf\u099c\u09cd\u099e\u09be\u09b8\u09be \u0995\u09b0\u09a4\u09c7 \u09b8\u09be\u09b9\u09be\u09af\u09cd\u09af \u0995\u09b0\u09c1\u09a8:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"4794\" data-end=\"4967\">\n<li data-start=\"4794\" data-end=\"4869\">\n<p data-start=\"4796\" data-end=\"4869\">\u201c&quot;\u0986\u09ae\u09bf \u0995\u09bf \u09b8\u09a4\u09cd\u09af\u09bf\u0987 \u098f\u099f\u09be \u09ac\u09c1\u099d\u09a4\u09c7 \u09aa\u09be\u09b0\u09bf, \u09a8\u09be\u0995\u09bf \u098f\u099f\u09be \u09aa\u09b0\u09cd\u09a6\u09be\u09af\u09bc \u09b8\u09b9\u099c \u09ae\u09a8\u09c7 \u09b9\u09af\u09bc?&quot;\u201d<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"4870\" data-end=\"4915\">\n<p data-start=\"4872\" data-end=\"4915\">\u201c&quot;\u0986\u09ae\u09bf \u09af\u09c7 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u09c1\u09a4 \u09a4\u09be\u09b0 \u0995\u09c0 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09ae\u09be\u09a3 \u0986\u099b\u09c7?&quot;\u201d<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"4916\" data-end=\"4967\">\n<p data-start=\"4918\" data-end=\"4967\">\u201c&quot;\u0986\u09ae\u09bf \u0995\u09bf \u0986\u09b8\u09b2\u09c7\u0987 \u0997\u09ad\u09c0\u09b0\u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u09c7 \u0995\u09be\u099c \u0995\u09b0\u09c7\u099b\u09bf, \u09a8\u09be\u0995\u09bf \u09b6\u09c1\u09a7\u09c1 \u09b8\u09cd\u0995\u09bf\u09ae \u0995\u09b0\u09c7\u099b\u09bf?&quot;\u201d<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 data-start=\"4969\" data-end=\"5047\"><strong data-start=\"4972\" data-end=\"5045\">\u09e9. \u0989\u09ad\u09af\u09bc \u09ae\u09be\u09a7\u09cd\u09af\u09ae\u09c7\u0987 \u098f\u0995\u0987 \u0989\u099a\u09cd\u099a\u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09a8\u09bf\u09b0\u09cd\u09a6\u09c7\u09b6\u09a8\u09be\u09ae\u09c2\u09b2\u0995 \u09b0\u09c1\u099f\u09bf\u09a8 \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09b9\u09be\u09b0 \u0995\u09b0\u09c1\u09a8\u0964<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"5048\" data-end=\"5084\">\u09a1\u09bf\u099c\u09bf\u099f\u09be\u09b2 \u09ac\u09a8\u09be\u09ae \u0995\u09be\u0997\u099c\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ae\u09a7\u09cd\u09af\u09c7 \u0995\u09cb\u09a8\u0993 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ac\u09b0\u09cd\u09a4\u09a8 \u09b9\u0993\u09af\u09bc\u09be \u0989\u099a\u09bf\u09a4 \u09a8\u09af\u09bc:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"5085\" data-end=\"5205\">\n<li data-start=\"5085\" data-end=\"5109\">\n<p data-start=\"5087\" data-end=\"5109\">\u09b8\u09be\u09ab\u09b2\u09cd\u09af\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u09a6\u09a3\u09cd\u09a1<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"5110\" data-end=\"5139\">\n<p data-start=\"5112\" data-end=\"5139\">\u099a\u09bf\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09be\u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u09a8\u09be\u09b0 \u09ae\u09a1\u09c7\u09b2\u09bf\u0982<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"5140\" data-end=\"5170\">\n<p data-start=\"5142\" data-end=\"5170\">\u0995\u09be\u099c\u09c7\u09b0 \u0989\u09a6\u09be\u09b9\u09b0\u09a3\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09b9\u09be\u09b0<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"5171\" data-end=\"5205\">\n<p data-start=\"5173\" data-end=\"5205\">\u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a4\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf\u09af\u09bc\u09be \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u09aa\u09b0\u09c0\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be \u09b0\u09c1\u099f\u09bf\u09a8<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 data-start=\"5207\" data-end=\"5249\"><strong data-start=\"5210\" data-end=\"5247\">\u09ea. \u09aa\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u09a5\u0995\u09cd\u09af\u0997\u09c1\u09b2\u09cb \u0996\u09cb\u09b2\u09be\u0996\u09c1\u09b2\u09bf\u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u09c7 \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u0996\u09cd\u09af\u09be \u0995\u09b0\u09c1\u09a8<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"5250\" data-end=\"5273\">\u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u09a5\u09c0\u09a6\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u09be\u09a5\u09c7 \u098f\u0987 \u09ac\u09bf\u09b7\u09af\u09bc\u09c7 \u0995\u09a5\u09be \u09ac\u09b2\u09c1\u09a8:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"5274\" data-end=\"5387\">\n<li data-start=\"5274\" data-end=\"5301\">\n<p data-start=\"5276\" data-end=\"5301\">\u0995\u09c7\u09a8 \u09aa\u09b0\u09cd\u09a6\u09be \u09b8\u09b9\u099c \u09ae\u09a8\u09c7 \u09b9\u09af\u09bc?<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"5302\" data-end=\"5345\">\n<p data-start=\"5304\" data-end=\"5345\">\u09b8\u09b9\u099c \u09ac\u09cb\u09a7 \u0995\u09b0\u09be \u09b6\u09c7\u0996\u09be\u09b0 \u09b8\u09ae\u09be\u09a8 \u09a8\u09af\u09bc<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"5346\" data-end=\"5387\">\n<p data-start=\"5348\" data-end=\"5387\">\u09a1\u09bf\u099c\u09bf\u099f\u09be\u09b2 \u0995\u09be\u099c\u09c7\u09b0 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u099a\u09c7\u09b7\u09cd\u099f\u09be \u0995\u09c0\u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u09c7 \u09a8\u09bf\u09af\u09bc\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09a3 \u0995\u09b0\u09be \u09af\u09be\u09af\u09bc<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"5389\" data-end=\"5451\">\u098f\u099f\u09bf \u09ac\u09be\u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u09ac\u09c7 \u09ae\u09c7\u099f\u09be\u0995\u0997\u09a8\u09bf\u09b6\u09a8 - \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u098f\u099f\u09bf \u0985\u09a4\u09cd\u09af\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4 \u0997\u09c1\u09b0\u09c1\u09a4\u09cd\u09ac\u09aa\u09c2\u09b0\u09cd\u09a3\u0964.<\/p>\n<hr data-start=\"5453\" data-end=\"5456\" \/>\n<h2 data-start=\"5458\" data-end=\"5512\"><strong data-start=\"5460\" data-end=\"5512\">\u09a4\u09be\u09b9\u09b2\u09c7, \u09ac\u09be\u0982\u09b2\u09be\u09a6\u09c7\u09b6\u09c7\u09b0 \u0995\u09bf \u09a1\u09bf\u099c\u09bf\u099f\u09be\u09b2 \u09aa\u09b0\u09c0\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u09b0 \u09a6\u09bf\u0995\u09c7 \u098f\u0997\u09bf\u09af\u09bc\u09c7 \u09af\u09be\u0993\u09af\u09bc\u09be \u0989\u099a\u09bf\u09a4?<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"5514\" data-end=\"5611\">\u09b9\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u0981 \u2014 <strong data-start=\"5520\" data-end=\"5526\">\u09af\u09a6\u09bf<\/strong> \u098f\u0987 \u09b0\u09c2\u09aa\u09be\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09b0\u099f\u09bf \u098f\u09ae\u09a8 \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u0995\u09a6\u09c7\u09b0 \u09a6\u09cd\u09ac\u09be\u09b0\u09be \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u099a\u09be\u09b2\u09bf\u09a4 \u09b9\u09af\u09bc \u09af\u09be\u09b0\u09be \u09aa\u09c3\u09b7\u09cd\u09a0\u09c7\u09b0 \u09a8\u09c0\u099a\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ae\u09a8\u09cb\u09ac\u09bf\u099c\u09cd\u099e\u09be\u09a8 \u09ac\u09cb\u099d\u09c7\u09a8\u0964.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"5613\" data-end=\"5635\">\u0997\u09ac\u09c7\u09b7\u09a3\u09be\u099f\u09bf \u09b8\u09cd\u09aa\u09b7\u09cd\u099f:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"5637\" data-end=\"5833\">\n<li data-start=\"5637\" data-end=\"5679\">\n<p data-start=\"5639\" data-end=\"5679\">\u09a1\u09bf\u099c\u09bf\u099f\u09be\u09b2 \u09aa\u09b0\u09c0\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be \u0995\u09b0\u09cd\u09ae\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09ae\u09a4\u09be\u09b0 \u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09a4\u09bf \u0995\u09b0\u09c7 \u09a8\u09be\u0964.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"5680\" data-end=\"5753\">\n<p data-start=\"5682\" data-end=\"5753\">\u0995\u09bf\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09c1 \u09a4\u09be\u09b0\u09be \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u09a5\u09c0\u09a6\u09c7\u09b0 \u0995\u09a0\u09cb\u09b0 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09b6\u09cd\u09b0\u09ae \u09b8\u09ae\u09cd\u09aa\u09b0\u09cd\u0995\u09c7 \u09a4\u09be\u09a6\u09c7\u09b0 \u09a7\u09be\u09b0\u09a3\u09be \u09ac\u09a6\u09b2\u09c7 \u09a6\u09c7\u09af\u09bc\u0964.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"5754\" data-end=\"5833\">\n<p data-start=\"5756\" data-end=\"5833\">\u09a8\u09bf\u09b0\u09cd\u09a6\u09c7\u09b6\u09a8\u09be \u099b\u09be\u09a1\u09bc\u09be, \u098f\u099f\u09bf \u09a6\u09c1\u09b0\u09cd\u09ac\u09b2 \u09b8\u0982\u09b6\u09cb\u09a7\u09a8 \u0985\u09ad\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b8 \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u0985\u09a4\u09bf\u09b0\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09a4 \u0986\u09a4\u09cd\u09ae\u09ac\u09bf\u09b6\u09cd\u09ac\u09be\u09b8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09a6\u09bf\u0995\u09c7 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u099a\u09be\u09b2\u09bf\u09a4 \u0995\u09b0\u09a4\u09c7 \u09aa\u09be\u09b0\u09c7\u0964.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"5835\" data-end=\"5881\">\u09ac\u09be\u0982\u09b2\u09be\u09a6\u09c7\u09b6\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u09cd\u0995\u09c1\u09b2\u0997\u09c1\u09b2\u09bf\u09b0 \u099c\u09a8\u09cd\u09af \u09ac\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u09a4\u09be\u099f\u09bf \u09b8\u09b9\u099c:<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"5883\" data-end=\"6009\"><strong data-start=\"5883\" data-end=\"6009\">\u09a1\u09bf\u099c\u09bf\u099f\u09be\u09b2 \u09aa\u09b0\u09c0\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u09df \u09ad\u09df \u09aa\u09c7\u0993 \u09a8\u09be\u0964.<br data-start=\"5911\" data-end=\"5914\" \/>\u09af\u0996\u09a8 \u09b8\u09cd\u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf\u09a8 \u099c\u09bf\u09a8\u09bf\u09b8\u0997\u09c1\u09b2\u09bf\u0995\u09c7 \u09b8\u09b9\u099c \u0995\u09b0\u09c7 \u09a4\u09cb\u09b2\u09c7 \u09a4\u0996\u09a8 \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u09a5\u09c0\u09a6\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b6\u09c7\u0996\u09be\u09a8 \u0995\u09bf\u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u09c7 \u09a4\u09be\u09a6\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b6\u09c7\u0996\u09be\u09b0 \u09ac\u09bf\u09b7\u09af\u09bc\u09c7 \u099a\u09bf\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09be \u0995\u09b0\u09a4\u09c7 \u09b9\u09af\u09bc\u0964.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p data-start=\"6011\" data-end=\"6095\">\u09a0\u09bf\u0995 \u098f\u0996\u09be\u09a8\u09c7\u0987 \u0989\u099a\u09cd\u099a\u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u09a6\u09be\u09a8 \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09ae\u09be\u09a3-\u09ad\u09bf\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u0995 \u0985\u09a8\u09c1\u09b6\u09c0\u09b2\u09a8 \u09b8\u09ac\u099a\u09c7\u09af\u09bc\u09c7 \u0997\u09c1\u09b0\u09c1\u09a4\u09cd\u09ac\u09aa\u09c2\u09b0\u09cd\u09a3\u0964.<\/p>\n<hr data-start=\"6097\" data-end=\"6100\" \/>\n<h2 data-start=\"6102\" data-end=\"6139\"><strong data-start=\"6104\" data-end=\"6139\">\u09b8\u09ae\u09cd\u09aa\u09c2\u09b0\u09cd\u09a3 \u0997\u09ac\u09c7\u09b7\u09a3\u09be \u0989\u09a6\u09cd\u09a7\u09c3\u09a4\u09bf \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u09b2\u09bf\u0999\u09cd\u0995<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"6141\" data-end=\"6434\">Hoch, E., St\u00fcrmer, S., Jonkmann, K., &amp; Scheiter, K. (2025)\u0964. <em data-start=\"6201\" data-end=\"6311\">\u0995\u09be\u0997\u099c-\u09aa\u09c7\u09a8\u09cd\u09b8\u09bf\u09b2 \u09ac\u09a8\u09be\u09ae \u0987-\u09aa\u09b0\u09c0\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be: \u09ac\u09bf\u09b6\u09cd\u09ac\u09ac\u09bf\u09a6\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b2\u09af\u09bc\u09c7 \u0989\u099a\u09cd\u099a-\u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u09b0\u09c7\u09b0 \u09aa\u09b0\u09c0\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u09b0 \u09b8\u09ae\u09af\u09bc \u09aa\u09b0\u09cd\u09a6\u09be\u09b0 \u09b9\u09c0\u09a8\u09ae\u09a8\u09cd\u09af\u09a4\u09be\u09b0 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09ad\u09be\u09ac \u09aa\u09c1\u09a8\u09b0\u09cd\u09ac\u09bf\u09ac\u09c7\u099a\u09a8\u09be\u0964.<\/em> \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09a3 \u0993 \u09a8\u09bf\u09b0\u09cd\u09a6\u09c7\u09b6\u09a8\u09be, \u09e7\u09e6\u09e7, \u09e7\u09e6\u09e8\u09e8\u09e8\u09ec\u0964.<br data-start=\"6350\" data-end=\"6353\" \/>\u098f\u0996\u09be\u09a8\u09c7 \u09aa\u09be\u0993\u09af\u09bc\u09be \u09af\u09be\u09ac\u09c7: <a class=\"decorated-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0959475225001501\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener\" data-start=\"6367\" data-end=\"6434\">https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0959475225001501<\/a><\/p>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\t\t\t<\/div> \n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div> \n<\/div><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Do Digital Exams Harm Student Performance? The Evidence Might Surprise You Why \u201cscreens feel easier\u201d \u2014 and why that matters for teaching in Bangladesh When you give students a digital...","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":8439,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[98,26,50,27],"tags":[35,102,105,60],"class_list":{"0":"post-8438","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-assessment","8":"category-evidence","9":"category-memory","10":"category-teaching","11":"tag-classroom-routines","12":"tag-professional-development-for-teachers","13":"tag-retrieval-practice","14":"tag-teacher-training-bangladesh"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ebtd.education\/bd\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8438","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ebtd.education\/bd\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ebtd.education\/bd\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ebtd.education\/bd\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ebtd.education\/bd\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8438"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.ebtd.education\/bd\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8438\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8442,"href":"https:\/\/www.ebtd.education\/bd\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8438\/revisions\/8442"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ebtd.education\/bd\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/8439"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ebtd.education\/bd\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8438"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ebtd.education\/bd\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8438"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ebtd.education\/bd\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8438"}],"curies":[{"name":"\u09a1\u09ac\u09cd\u09b2\u09bf\u0989\u09aa\u09bf","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}